Agriculture
has become increasingly dependent on the use of pesticides. According
to the EPA, 5351 million pounds of active ingredient were used in
agriculture practices across the world in 2006 at a cost of US$26
billion dollars.
A
plant retains only half of this applied spray as the leaf creates a
non-wetting interface for the pesticide. The remaining pesticide runs
off and contaminates soil and water supplies and kills terrestrial and
aquatic life.
Pesticide
use and runoff are significant issues in developing countries. Improper
use of pesticides and runoff caused 1 million cases of poisoning and
20,000 fatalities last year. In developed countries, pesticide runoff
is a significant contributor to pollution and has environmental and
economical implications.