Conclusion

• Bioethanol is one of highlighted alternative fuel.The overall efficiency is higher than the ethanol. They can be found on plants that require CO₂ in order to produce carbohydrate products such as cellulose and glucose. In addition, CO₂ is the emitted when the fuel is burnt. Therefore, there is a recycling. Moreover, even though bioethanol has low power relative to the ethanol, it is unnoticeable.

• The grass such asSwtichgrass has higher ability to produce ethanol relative to corn which is the common source of bioethanol.

• With the ordinarymethod, cellulose has to be pre-treated in order to be fermented. Thepre-treatment required expensive equipment and more time. However, with thebacteria which can be found easily do not need the pre-treatment.

• Withthe bacteria, the cellulose can be fermented directly into the ethanol. Mesophilic Cellulolytic Clostridia degrade the cellulose into glucose first and then Glycolyti Clostridia is able to ferment the glucose.[xix] The taken grass will be mixed with the two bacteria. Then, the cellulose become glucose by losing its 1,4 beta acetal linkage and other linkage. The enzyme will take H and the O that will bond to the end of unit to break the bond between single cellulose units and then hydroxyl group from water will bond to the end replacing the enzyme. Now, glucose is formed that will finally degraded into ethanol and CO₂.

• Moreover, theyalso produce some by-product which is useful. There will be butyric acid which can be convert into biobutanol. Also, there will be acetate that has three different usage: film base in photography, component in some adhesives and synthetic fiber.[xviii] Therefore, the new way that uses bacteria instead of yeast is more efficient.