Results
Part 1 Results: These results are from the exposure of the hepatocytes (liver cells) to NDGA over a four hour period in order to show how much hepatotoxicity (liver cell death) there was.
At time zero and before the NDGA was added the cells were at 85% viability (percentage of live cells).
Values below are the average of two countings from different parts of the sample.
Data Table #1: ONE HOUR INCUBATION |
| |
Alive |
Dead |
Cell Viability |
Control |
41 |
16 |
71.9% |
First Concentration (15.8 µM/100 µL) |
23 |
13 |
63.8% |
Second Concentration (317 µM/100 µL) |
8 |
20 |
28.6% |
Third Concentration (630 µM/100 µL) |
2 |
20 |
9.1% |
Data Table #2: FOUR HOUR INCUBATIONS |
| |
Alive |
Dead |
Cell Viability |
Control |
29 |
18 |
61.7% |
First Concentration (15.8 µM/100 µL) |
6 |
21 |
22.2% |
Second Concentration (317 µM/100 µL) |
4 |
27 |
12.9% |
Third Concentration (630 µM/100 µL) |
1 |
24 |
3.8% |
These results clearly show that NDGA causes the death of liver cells because the NDGA reactions had higher cell death numbers than the Control reaction. A larger concentration of NDGA causes greater cell death when compared to lower concentrations at the same time interval. Also, the longer the exposure time the higher the number of hepatocytes that died.
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Chromatogram #1: NDGA Rx
The third chromatogram (NDGA Rx) went through the machine and two potential mechanisms showed up. The Glutathione (GSH) bonded with two separate products created by NDGA after being metabolized. The reason these two products bonded with GSH was because the properties of GSH allow it to only bond with other chemicals that exhibit toxic properties. This shows that the two compounds from NDGA that GSH bonded with are potentially toxic to liver cells.
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