ABSTRACT

     Canadian wheat production may be threatened by genetic erosion. Breeding emphasis for early maturity, increased yield and other traits may have narrowed the gene pool of Canadian wheat cultivars. This research examined ten phenotypic traits and DNA profiles using molecular technology for 48 registered spring wheat cultivars developed in Canada over the past 160 years. Results showed significant improvements in the agronomic traits of earlier maturity and increased yield and no significant loss in genetic variation has occurred in these wheats. In other words the Canadian wheat gene pool has not been narrowed. Genetic selection for improved agronomic performance has not resulted in genetic erosion of spring wheat cultivars developed in Canada. Canadian spring wheat breeding is not increasing the risk to sustainable crop production by reducing genetic diversity.